Power Management in Mobile Devices (eBook)
336 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-055640-6 (ISBN)
How do you balance battery life with performance and cost?
This book shows you how!
Now that mobile has become the standard, the consumer not only expects mobility but demands power longevity in wireless devices. As more and more features, computing power, and memory are packed into mobile devices such as iPods, cell phones, and cameras, there is a large and growing gap between what devices can do and the amount of energy engineers can deliver. In fact, the main limiting factor in many portable designs is not hardware or software, but instead how much power can be delivered to the device. This book describes various design approaches to reduce the amount of power a circuit consumes and techniques to effectively manage the available power.
Power Management Advice On:
.Low Power Packaging Techniques
.Power and Clock Gating
.Energy Efficient Compilers
.Various Display Technologies
.Linear vs. Switched Regulators
.Software Techniques and Intelligent Algorithms
* Addresses power versus performance that each newly developed mobile device faces
* Robust case studies drawn from the author's 30 plus years of extensive real world experience are included
* Both hardware and software are discussed concerning their roles in power
Sealed Lead Acid...Nickel Cadmium...Lithium Ion...How do you balance battery life with performance and cost?This book shows you how!Now that "e;mobile"e; has become the standard, the consumer not only expects mobility but demands power longevity in wireless devices. As more and more features, computing power, and memory are packed into mobile devices such as iPods, cell phones, and cameras, there is a large and growing gap between what devices can do and the amount of energy engineers can deliver. In fact, the main limiting factor in many portable designs is not hardware or software, but instead how much power can be delivered to the device. This book describes various design approaches to reduce the amount of power a circuit consumes and techniques to effectively manage the available power.Power Management Advice On:*Low Power Packaging Techniques*Power and Clock Gating*Energy Efficient Compilers*Various Display Technologies*Linear vs. Switched Regulators*Software Techniques and Intelligent Algorithms* Addresses power versus performance that each newly developed mobile device faces* Robust case studies drawn from the author's 30 plus years of extensive real world experience are included* Both hardware and software are discussed concerning their roles in power
Front Cover 1
Power Management in Mobile Devices 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 8
Preface 14
About the Author 20
Chapter 1. Introduction to Power Management in Portable Personal Devices 22
1.1 Power Trends 25
1.2 Mobile Devices and Applications 27
1.2.1 Cellular Phones 28
1.2.2 Portable Media Players 36
1.2.3 Portable Digital Audio Players 37
1.2.4 Portable Navigation Devices 39
1.3 Cellular Handsets: Deeper Dive 41
1.3.1 Cellular System Overview 41
1.3.2 Evolution of Cellular Systems 42
1.3.3 Cellular Handset Teardown 46
1.3.4 Seamless Mobility: Connectivity 49
1.4 Summary 57
Chapter 2. Hierarchical View of Energy Conservation 60
2.1 Issues and Challenges 60
2.1.1 Closing the Technology Gaps 60
2.1.2 Always On, Always Connected: Paradox of the Portable Age 61
2.1.3 Balancing Battery Life with Performance and Cost 62
2.2 Power versus Energy Types 63
2.2.1 The Elements Power Consumption 65
2.2.2 Elements of Dynamic and Static Power 65
2.3 Hierarchy of Energy Conservation Techniques 66
2.4 Low Power Process and Transistor Technology 71
2.4.1 Process Technology Scaling 71
2.4.2 Transistors and Interconnects 75
2.5 Low Power Packaging Techniques 90
2.5.1 Introduction 90
2.5.2 Systems-in-Package 91
2.5.3 Package-on-Package 91
2.5.4 SiP versus PoP 92
2.6 Summary 93
Chapter 3. Low Power Design Techniques, Design Methodology, and Tools 98
3.1 Low Power Design Techniques 98
3.1.1 Dynamic Process Temperature Compensation 98
3.1.2 Static Process Compensation 100
3.1.3 Power Gating 100
3.1.4 State-Retention Power Gating 103
3.2 Low Power Architectural and Subsystem Techniques 104
3.2.1 Clock Gating 104
3.2.2 Asynchronous Techniques: GALS 106
3.2.3 Power Saving Modes 109
3.3 Low Power SoC Design Methodology, Tools, and Standards 110
3.3.1 Introduction 110
3.3.2 Low Power Design Process 114
3.3.3 Key EDA Vendors Approach to Low Power Design 118
3.3.4 Low Power Format Standards 128
3.4 Summary 134
Chapter 4. Energy Optimized Software 138
4.1 Mobile Software Platform 138
4.1.1 Modem Software 140
4.1.2 Application Software 144
4.1.3 Operating Systems for Mobile Devices 146
4.1.4 Why an Operating System? Application Execution Environment 149
4.2 Energy Efficient Software 152
4.2.1 Dynamic Power Management 153
4.2.2 Energy Efficient Compilers 156
4.2.3 Application-Driven Power Management 160
4.2.4 Advanced Power Management 160
4.2.5 Advanced Configuration and Power Interface 161
4.2.6 The Demand for Application-Driven Power Management 162
4.3 Summary 166
Chapter 5. Batteries and Displays for Mobile Devices 170
5.1 Introduction 170
5.1.1 Battery Challenge 170
5.1.2 Evolution of Battery Technology 173
5.2 Battery Fundamentals 174
5.3 Battery Technologies 176
5.3.1 Sealed Lead Acid 176
5.3.2 Nickel Cadmium 176
5.3.3 Nickel Metal Hydride 177
5.3.4 Lithium Ion 177
5.3.5 Lithium-Ion Polymer 177
5.3.6 Other Lithium-Ion Types 177
5.4 Battery Chemistry Selection 178
5.5 Portable Device Display Technologies 182
5.5.1 Mobile Device Power Distribution 183
5.5.2 Backlights 183
5.5.3 Display Technologies 186
5.6 Low Power LCD Display Techniques 192
5.6.1 Dynamic Luminance Scaling 192
5.6.2 Extended DLS 195
5.6.3 Backlight Autoregulation 196
5.6.4 Frame Buffer Compression 197
5.6.5 Dynamic Color Depth 197
5.7 Summary 198
5.7.1 Batteries 198
5.7.2 Displays 199
Chapter 6. Power Management Integrated Circuits 202
6.1 Introduction 202
6.2 Voltage Regulators 204
6.2.1 Control Loop Operation 205
6.2.2 Linear Regulators 206
6.2.3 Switching Regulators 209
6.2.4 Linear versus Switched 217
6.3 Battery Management: Fuel Gauges, Charging, Authentication 221
6.3.1 Fuel Gauges 223
6.3.2 Battery Charge Management 223
6.3.3 Li-Ion Battery Safety 226
6.3.4 Battery Authentication 227
6.3.5 Example of a BMU and Battery Protection 228
6.4 PMICs Plus Audio 231
6.4.1 Audio 233
6.4.2 Linear and Switching Regulators 234
6.4.3 Battery Management 234
6.5 Summary 235
Chapter 7. System-Level Approach to Energy Conservation 238
7.1 Introduction 238
7.2 Low Power System Framework 239
7.2.1 Advanced Energy Management Solution 240
7.2.2 Software for Self-Optimizing Systems 240
7.3 Low Power System/Software Techniques 241
7.3.1 Dynamic Frequency Scaling 242
7.3.2 Dynamic Voltage Scaling 242
7.3.3 Dynamic Process and Temperature Compensation 244
7.3.4 Handling Idle Modes 244
7.4 Software Techniques and Intelligent Algorithms 245
7.4.1 Operating System 245
7.4.2 Typical DVFS Algorithm 246
7.4.3 Scope Within Wireless Applications 247
7.5 Freescale's XEC: Technology-Specific Intelligent Algorithms 247
7.5.1 XEC Framework 248
7.6 ARM's Intelligent Energy Manager 251
7.6.1 IEM Policies and Operating System Events 252
7.6.2 Types of policy 252
7.6.3 Generic IEM Solution 254
7.6.4 Intelligent Energy Controller 255
7.6.5 Voltage Islands 256
7.7 National Semiconductors: PowerWise® Technology 257
7.7.1 PowerWise Technology 257
7.7.2 Adaptive Power Controller 257
7.7.3 The PWI Specification 259
7.7.4 PowerWise PMU/EMU: Power/Energy Management Unit 261
7.7.5 Dynamic Voltage Scaling 262
7.7.6 Adaptive Voltage Scaling 263
7.8 Energy Conservation Partnership 265
7.9 Texas Instruments: SmartReflex 266
7.9.1 Silicon IP 267
7.9.2 System-on-Chip 268
7.9.3 System Software 268
7.10 Intel SpeedStep 269
7.10.1 Usage Modes 269
7.10.2 Power Manager Architecture 270
7.10.3 Speedstep DFM 271
7.10.4 Speedstep DVM 272
7.11 Transmeta LongRun and LongRun2 272
7.11.1 LongRun2 IP 274
7.11.2 Body Bias Controllers 274
7.11.3 Body Bias Voltage Distribution 274
7.11.4 Body Bias Voltage Generators 274
7.11.5 Monitor Circuits 275
7.12 Mobile Industry Processor Interface: System Power Management 275
7.12.1 System Power Management 275
7.12.2 Power Management System Structure 276
7.13 Summary 278
Chapter 8. Future Trends in Power Management 282
8.1 Converged Mobile Devices 282
8.2 Future Processes 284
8.2.1 Nanotechnology and Nanoelectronics 284
8.2.2 Quantum Computing 293
8.2.3 Micro-Electrical and Mechanical Systems 297
8.2.4 Biological (DNA) 299
8.3 Future Packaging for Mobile Devices 301
8.3.1 System Packaging Evolution 301
8.3.2 Redistributed Chip Packaging 302
8.3.3 System-on-Package 305
8.4 Future Sources of Energy for Mobile Devices 306
8.4.1 Fuel Cells 308
8.5 Future Displays for Mobile Devices 317
8.5.1 Electronic Paper Displays 317
8.6 Summary 320
Index 326
A 326
B 326
C 327
D 328
E 328
F 330
G 330
H 330
I 331
J 331
K 331
L 331
M 332
N 333
O 333
P 333
Q 335
R 335
S 335
T 336
U 336
V 336
W 336
X 337
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 1.4.2011 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | englisch |
| Themenwelt | Sachbuch/Ratgeber |
| Technik ► Bauwesen | |
| Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik | |
| Technik ► Nachrichtentechnik | |
| ISBN-10 | 0-08-055640-X / 008055640X |
| ISBN-13 | 978-0-08-055640-6 / 9780080556406 |
| Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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