Physics of Semiconductor Devices (eBook)

S. M. Sze received his PhD in electrical engineering fromStanford University. He was with Bell Telephone Laboratories from1963-1989, joining the faculty of the Department ofElectronics Engineering, National Chiao Tung University (NCTU) in1990. Dr. Sze is currently Distinguished Chair Professor of NCTUand has served as a visiting professor to many academicinstitutions. He has made fundamental and pioneering contributionsto semiconductor devices; of particular importance is hiscoinvention of nonvolatile semiconductor memory such as flashmemory and EEPROM. Dr. Sze has authored, coauthored, or edited over200 technical papers and twelve books. His book Physics ofSemiconductor Devices (Wiley) is one of the most cited works incontemporary engineering and applied science publications (over15,000 citations from ISI Press). Dr. Sze is the recipient ofnumerous awards and holds such titles as Life Fellow of the IEEE,Academician of the Academia Sinica, and member of the US NationalAcademy of Engineering. Kwok K. Ng received his PhD from Columbia University in1979 and BS from Rutgers University in 1975, both in electricalengineering. He joined Bell Laboratories of AT&T in MurrayHill, New Jersey, in 1980, which spun off as part of LucentTechnologies in 1996. He became affiliated with Agere Systems inAllentown, Pennsylvania, as the microelectronics unit becameindependent in 2001. He has been with MVC in San Jose, California,since 2005. Dr. Ng has also held positions as editor of IEEEElectron Device Letters and liaison to IEEE Press. He is the authorof the Complete Guide to Semiconductor Devices, Second Edition(Wiley).

Introduction.

Part I Semiconductor Physics.

Chapter 1 Physics and Properties of Semiconductors-A Review.

1.1 Introduction.

1.2 Crystal Structure.

1.3 Energy Bands and Energy Gap.

1.4 Carrier Concentration at Thermal Equilibrium.

1.5 Carrier-Transport Phenomena.

1.6 Phonon, Optical, and Thermal Properties.

1.7 Heterojunctions and Nanostructures.

1.8 Basic Equations and Examples.

Part II Device Building Blocks.

Chapter 2 p-n Junctions.

2.1 Introduction.

2.2 Depletion Region.

2.3 Current-Voltage Characteristics.

2.4 Junction Breakdown.

2.5 Transient Behavior and Noise.

2.6 Terminal Functions.

2.7 Heterojunctions.

Chapter 3 Metal-Semiconductor Contacts.

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Formation of Barrier.

3.3 Current Transport Processes.

3.4 Measurement of Barrier Height.

3.5 Device Structures.

3.6 Ohmic Contact.

Chapter 4 Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Capacitors.

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 Ideal MIS Capacitor.

4.3 Silicon MOS Capacitor.

Part III Transistors.

Chapter 5 Bipolar Transistors.

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Static Characteristics.

5.3 Microwave Characteristics.

5.4 Related Device Structures.

5.5 Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor.

Chapter 6 MOSFETs.

6.1 Introduction.

6.2 Basic Device Characteristics.

6.3 Nonuniform Doping and Buried-Channel Device.

6.4 Device Scaling and Short-Channel Effects.

6.5 MOSFET Structures.

6.6 Circuit Applications.

6.7 Nonvolatile Memory Devices.

6.8 Single-Electron Transistor.

Chapter 7 JFETs, MESFETs, and MODFETs.

7.1 Introduction.

7.2 JFET and MESFET.

7.3 MODFET.

Part IV Negative-Resistance and Power Devices.

Chapter 8 Tunnel Devices.

8.1 Introduction.

8.2 Tunnel Diode.

8.3 Related Tunnel Devices.

8.4 Resonant-Tunneling Diode.

Chapter 9 IMPATT Diodes.

9.1 Introduction.

9.2 Static Characteristics.

9.3 Dynamic Characteristics.

9.4 Power and Efficiency.

9.5 Noise Behavior.

9.6 Device Design and Performance.

9.7 BARITT Diode.

9.8 TUNNETT Diode.

Chapter 10 Transferred-Electron and Real-Space-TransferDevices.

10.1 Introduction.

10.2 Transferred-Electron Device.

10.3 Real-Space-Transfer Devices.

Chapter 11 Thyristors and Power Devices.

11.1 Introduction.

11.2 Thyristor Characteristics.

1 1.3 Thyristor Variations.

11.4 Other Power Devices.

Part V Photonic Devices and Sensors.

Chapter 12 LEDs and Lasers.

12.1 Introduction.

12.2 Radiative Transitions.

12.3 Light-Emitting Diode (LED).

12.4 Laser Physics.

12.5 Laser Operating Characteristics.

12.6 Specialty Lasers.

Chapter 13 Photodetectors and Solar Cells.

13.1 Introduction.

13.2 Photoconductor.

13.3 Photodiodes.

13.4 Avalanche Photodiode.

13.5 Phototransistor.

13.6 Charge-Coupled Device (CCD).

13.7 Metal-Semiconductor-Metal Photodetector.

13.8 Quantum-Well Infrared Photodetector.

13.9 Solar Cell.

Chapter 14 Sensors.

14.1 Introduction.

14.2 Thermal Sensors.

14.3 Mechanical Sensors.

14.4 Magnetic Sensors.

14.5 Chemical Sensors.

Appendixes.

A. List of Symbols.

B. International System of Units.

C. Unit Prefixes.

D. Greek Alphabet.

E. Physical Constants.

F. Properties of Important Semiconductors.

G. Properties of Si and GaAs.

H. Properties of SiO, and Si3N.

Index.