Nonclassical Light from Semiconductor Lasers and LEDs

Professor Yoshihisa Yamamoto has performed his research at Tokyo University, MIT, Stanford and other prestigious institutions before he became professor at Stanford. He teaches various courses on quantum optics and has published books and more than 350 papers.

1. Nonclassical Light.- 1.1 Classical Description of Light.- 1.2 Quantum Description of Light.- 1.3 Coherent State, Squeezed State and Number-Phase Squeezed State.- 1.4 Quantum Theory of Photodetection and Sub-Poisson Photon Distribution.- 1.5 Quantum Theory of Second-Order Coherence and Photon Antibunching.- 1.6 Quantum Theory of Photocurrent Fluctuation and Squeezing.- 2. Noise of p-n Junction Light Emitters.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Junction Voltage Dynamics: the Poisson Equation.- 2.3 Semiclassical Langevin Equation for Junction Voltage Dynamics.- 2.4 Noise Analysis of an LED.- 2.5 Summary.- 3. Sub-Poissonian Light Generation in Light-Emitting Diodes.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Physical Mechanism of Pump-Noise Suppression.- 3.3 Measurement of the Squeezing Bandwidth.- 3.4 Summary.- 4. Amplitude-Squeezed Light Generation in Semiconductor Lasers.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Interferometric Measurement of Longitudinal-Mode-Partition Noise.- 4.3 Grating-Feedback External-Cavity Semiconductor Laser.- 4.4 Injection-Locked Semiconductor Laser.- 4.5 Summary.- 5. Excess Intensity Noise of a Semiconductor Laser with Nonlinear Gain and Loss.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Physical Models for Nonlinearity.- 5.3 Noise Analysis Using Langevin Rate Equations.- 5.4 Numerical Results.- 5.5 Discussion: Effect of Saturable Loss.- 5.6 Comparison of Two Laser Structures with Respect to Saturable Loss.- 5.7 Summary.- 6. Transverse-Junction-Stripe Lasers for Squeezed Light Generation.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Fabrication.- 6.3 DC Characterization: Threshold, Loss and Quantum Efficiency.- 6.4 Intensity Noise.- 6.5 Summary.- 7. Sub-Shot-Noise FM Spectroscopy.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Advantages of Semiconductor Lasers.- 7.3 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR).- 7.4 Realization of Sub-Shot-Noise FM Spectroscopy.- 7.5 Experimental Results.- 7.6 Future Prospects.- 8. Sub-Shot-Noise FM Noise Spectroscopy.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Principle of FM Noise Spectroscopy.- 8.3 Signal-to-Noise Ratio and the Advantage of Amplitude Squeezing.- 8.4 Sub-Shot-Noise Spectroscopy.- 8.5 Phase-Sensitive FM Noise Spectroscopy.- 8.6 Summary.- 9. Sub-Shot-Noise Interferometry.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Sensitivity Limit of an Optical Interferometer.- 9.3 Amplitude-Squeezed Light Injection in a Dual-Input Mach-Zehnder Interferometer.- 9.4 Sub-Shot-Noise Phase Measurement.- 9.5 Dual-Input Michelson Interferometer.- 9.6 Summary and Future Prospects.- 10. Coulomb Blockade Effect in Mesoscopic p-n Junctions.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Calculation of Resonant Tunneling Rates.- 10.3 Coulomb Blockade Effect on Resonant Tunneling.- 10.4 Coulomb Staircase.- 10.5 Turnstile Operation.- 10.6 Monte-Carlo Simulations.- 10.7 Summary.- 11. Single-Photon Generation in a Single-Photon Turnstile Device.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Device Fabrication.- 11.3 Observation of the Coulomb Staircase.- 11.4 Single-Photon Turnstile Device.- 11.5 Summary.- 12. Single-Photon Detection with Visible-Light Photon Counter.- 12.1 Introduction.- 12.2 Comparison of Single-Photon Detectors.- 12.3 Operation Principle of a VLPC.- 12.4 Single-Photon Detection System Based on a VLPC.- 12.5 Quantum Efficiency of a VLPC.- 12.6 Theory of Noise in Avalanche Multiplication.- 12.7 Excess Noise Factor of a VLPC.- 12.8 Two-Photon Detection with a VLPC.- 12.9 Summary.- 13. Future Prospects.- 13.1 Introduction.- 13.2 Regulated and Entangled Photons from a Single Quantum Dot.- 13.3 Single-Mode Spontaneous Emission from a Single Quantum Dot in a Three-Dimensional Microcavity.- 13.4 Lasing and Squeezing of Exciton-Polaritons in a Semiconductor Microcavity.- A. Appendix: Noise and Correlation Spectra for Light-Emitting Diode.- A.1 Linearization.- A.2 LED Photon Noise Spectral Density.- A.3 External Current Noise Spectral Density.- A.4 Junction-Voltage-Carrier-Number Correlation.- A.5 Photon-Flux -Junction-Voltage Correlation.- References.