A Companion to Aristotle

Georgios Anagnostopoulos is Professor of Philosophy at the University of California, San Diego, where he teaches classical philosophy, ethics and metaphysics. His research has focused on Greek ethics and epistemology and ancient views on the arts and sciences, especially medicine. He is the author of Aristotle on the Goals and Exactness of Ethics (1994).

Notes on Contributors xi

Preface xvi

Abbreviations of Aristotle’s Works xviii

Part I Aristotle’s Life and Works 1

1 Aristotle’s Life 3
GEORGIOS ANAGNOSTOPOULOS

2 Aristotle’s Works and the Development of His Thought 14
GEORGIOS ANAGNOSTOPOULOS

Part II The Tools of Inquiry 29

3 Deductive Logic 31
DAVID KEYT

4 Aristotle’s Theory of Demonstration 51
ROBIN SMITH

5 Empiricism and the First Principles of Aristotelian Science 66
MICHAEL FEREJOHN

6 Aristotle on Signification and Truth 81
PAOLO CRIVELLI

7 Aristotle’s Methods 101
GEORGIOS ANAGNOSTOPOULOS

Part III Theoretical Knowledge 123

A. Metaphysics

8 The Science and Axioms of Being 125
MICHAEL V. WEDIN

9 Aristotelian Categories 144
GARETH B. MATTHEWS

10 Form and Matter 162
FRANK A. LEWIS

11 Aristotle on Universals 186
MICHAEL J. LOUX

12 Substances 197
S. MARC COHEN

13 Causes 213
R. J. HANKINSON

14 Heavenly Bodies and First Causes 230
SARAH BROADIE

B. Physics

15 Mixing the Elements 242
THEODORE SCALTSAS

16 Aristotle on the Infi nite, Space, and Time 260
MICHAEL J. WHITE

17 Change and Its Relation to Actuality and Potentiality 277
URSULA COOPE

C. Psychology

18 The Aristotelian Psuchê 292
CHRISTOPHER SHIELDS

19 Sensation and Desire 310
DEBORAH KAREN WARD MODRAK

20 Phantasia and Thought 322
VICTOR CASTON

D. Biology

21 Teleology in Living Things 335
MOHAN MATTHEN

22 Form, Essence, and Explanation in Aristotle’s Biology 348
JAMES G. LENNOX

23 Generation of Animals 368
DEVIN M. HENRY

Part IV Practical Knowledge 385

A. Ethics

24 Happiness and the Structure of Ends 387
GABRIEL RICHARDSON LEAR

25 Pleasure 404
GEORGE RUDEBUSCH

26 Human Excellence in Character and Intellect 419
GAVIN LAWRENCE

27 Courage 442
CHARLES M. YOUNG

28 Justice 457
CHARLES M. YOUNG

29 Friendship 471
MICHAEL PAKALUK

30 Voluntary, Involuntary, and Choice 483
ROBERT HEINAMAN

31 Aristotle on Action, Practical Reason, and Weakness of the Will 498
NORMAN O. DAHL

B. Politics

32 The Naturalness of the Polis in Aristotle 512
C. D. C. REEVE

33 Rulers and Ruled 526
ROBERT MAYHEW

34 Aristotle on the Ideal Constitution 540
FRED D. MILLER, JR.

35 Excellences of the Citizen and of the Individual 555
JEAN ROBERTS

36 Education and the State 566
RICHARD STALLEY

Part V Productive Knowledge 577

A. Rhetoric

37 The Nature and Goals of Rhetoric 579
CHRISTOF RAPP

38 Passions and Persuasion 597
STEPHEN LEIGHTON

B. Art

39 Aristotle’s Poetics: The Aim of Tragedy 612
PAUL WOODRUFF

40 The Elements of Tragedy 628
ELIZABETH BELFIORE

Index 64