The Analysis of Linear Partial Differential Operators I

Lars Hörmander, born 1931 in Sweden, did his secondary schooling as well as his undergraduate and doctoral studies in Lund. His principle teacher and adviser at the University of Lund was Marcel Riesz until he returned, then Lars Gårding. In 1956 he worked in the USA, at the universities of Chicago, Kansas, Minnesota and New York, before returning to a chair at the University of Stockholm. He remained a frequent visitor to the US, particularly to Stanford and was Professor at the IAS, Princeton from 1964 to 1968. In 1968 he accepted a chair at the University of Lund, Sweden, where, today, he is Emeritus Professor. Hörmander's lifetime work has been devoted to the study of partial differential equations and its applications in complex analysis. In 1962 he was awarded the Fields Medal for his contributions to the general theory of linear partial differential operators.

I. Test Functions.- Summary.- 1.1. A review of Differential Calculus.- 1.2. Existence of Test Functions.- 1.3. Convolution.- 1.4. Cutoff Functions and Partitions of Unity.- Notes.- II. Definition and Basic Properties of Distributions.- Summary.- 2.1. Basic Definitions.- 2.2. Localization.- 2.3. Distributions with Compact Support.- Notes.- III. Differentiation and Multiplication by Functions.- Summary.- 3.1. Definition and Examples.- 3.2. Homogeneous Distributions.- 3.3. Some Fundamental Solutions.- 3.4. Evaluation of Some Integrals.- Notes.- IV. Convolution.- Summary.- 4.1. Convolution with a Smooth Function.- 4.2. Convolution of Distributions.- 4.3. The Theorem of Supports.- 4.4. The Role of Fundamental Solutions.- 4.5. Basic Lp Estimates for Convolutions.- Notes.- V. Distributions in Product Spaces.- Summary.- 5.1. Tensor Products.- 5.2. The Kernel Theorem.- Notes.- VI. Composition with Smooth Maps.- Summary.- 6.1. Definitions.- 6.2. Some Fundamental Solutions.- 6.3. Distributions ona Manifold.- 6.4. The Tangent and Cotangent Bundles.- Notes.- VII. The Fourier Transformation.- Summary.- 7.1. The Fourier Transformation in ? and in ?'.- 7.2. Poisson's Summation Formula and Periodic Distributions.- 7.3. The Fourier-Laplace Transformation in ?'.- 7.4. More General Fourier-Laplace Transforms.- 7.5. The Malgrange Preparation Theorem.- 7.6. Fourier Transforms of Gaussian Functions.- 7.7. The Method of Stationary Phase.- 7.8. Oscillatory Integrals.- 7.9. H(s), Lp and Hölder Estimates.- Notes.- VIII. Spectral Analysis of Singularities.- Summary.- 8.1. The Wave Front Set.- 8.2. A Review of Operations with Distributions.- 8.3. The Wave Front Set of Solutions of Partial Differential Equations.- 8.4. The Wave Front Set with Respect to CL.- 8.5. Rules of Computation for WFL.- 8.6. WFL for Solutions of Partial Differential Equations.- 8.7. Microhyperbolicity.- Notes.- IX. Hyperfunctions.- Summary.- 9.1. Analytic Functionals.- 9.2. General Hyperfunctions.- 9.3. The Analytic WaveFront Set of a Hyperfunction.- 9.4. The Analytic Cauchy Problem.- 9.5. Hyperfunction Solutions of Partial Differential Equations.- 9.6. The Analytic Wave Front Set and the Support.- Notes.- Exercises.- Answers and Hints to All the Exercises.- Index of Notation.