Implicit and Explicit Language Attitudes

Robert M. McKenzie is Associate Professor in Sociolinguistics at Northumbria University. He has a specific interest in folk perceptions of and attitudes towards spoken language variation, especially the ways in which individuals attach social meaning to language varieties and how linguistic diversity is indexed within given speech communities. Andrew McNeill is Senior Lecturer in Psychology at Northumbria University. His research explores the social psychology of intergroup relations in a variety of contexts. He has a particular interest in the intersection of linguistics and psychology and how language is used in identity construction and communication.

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1 ENGLISH IN ENGLAND: THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Englishness and the north-south divide

1.3 English in England

1.4 Northern English

1.5 Southern English

References

2 INVESTIGATING EXPLICIT AND IMPLICT LANGUAGE ATTITUDES

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Conceptualising attitudes

2.3 Language attitude research

2.4 Language attitude research in England

References

3 METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Study objectives and hypotheses

3.3 Population and participant recruitment

3.4 Materials

3.5 Ethical issues

3.6 Pilot study

3.7 Procedure

References

4 RESULTS AND PRELIMINARY DISCUSSION

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Participant demographics

4.3 Explicit attitudes towards Northern English and Southern English speech

4.4 Implicit attitudes towards Northern English and Southern English speech

4.5 The relationship between implicit and explicit attitudes

4.6 The influence of individual differences upon implicit and explicit attitudes

References

5 WIDER DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS

5.1 Introduction

5.2 English nationals’ explicit language attitudes towards Northern English and Southern English speech

5.3 English nationals’ implicit language attitudes towards Northern English and Southern English speech

5.4 The influence of individual differences

5.5 Comparing and contrasting implicit and explicit language attitudes

5.6 Final remarks, limitations and the future

References

Index