Pressure Vessel Design Manual (eBook)

Cover 1
Pressure Vessel Design Manual: Illustrated procedures for solving major pressure vessel design problems 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Preface 10
Chapter 1. Stresses in Pressure Vessels 12
Design Philosophy 12
Stress Analysis 12
Stress/Failure Theories 13
Failures in Pressure Vessels 16
Loadings 17
Stress 18
Special Problems 21
References 25
Chapter 2. General Design 26
Procedure 2-1: General Vessel Formulas 26
Procedure 2-2: External Pressure Design 30
Procedure 2-3: Calculate MAP, MAWP, and Test Pressures 39
Procedure 2-4: Stresses in Heads Due to Internal Pressure 41
Procedure 2-5: Design of Intermediate Heads 42
Procedure 2-6: Design of Toriconical Transitions 44
Procedure 2-7: Design of Flanges 48
Procedure 2-8: Design of Spherically Dished Covers 68
Procedure 2-9: Design of Blind Flanges with Openings 69
Procedure 2-10: Bolt Torque Required for Sealing Flanges 70
Procedure 2-11: Design of Flat Heads 73
Procedure 2-12: Reinforcement for Studding Outlets 79
Procedure 2-13: Design of Internal Support Beds 80
Procedure 2-14: Nozzle Reinforcement 85
Procedure 2-15: Design of Large Openings in Flat Heads 89
Procedure 2-16: Find or Revise the Center of Gravity of a Vessel 91
Procedure 2-17: Minimum Design Metal Temperature (MDMT) 92
Procedure 2-18: Buckling of Thin-Walled Cylindrical Shells 96
Procedure 2-19: Optimum Vessel Proportions 100
Procedure 2-20: Estimating Weights of Vessels and Vessel Components 106
References 117
Chapter 3. Design of Vessel Supports 120
Support Structures 120
Procedure 3-1: Wind Design per ASCE 123
Procedure 3-2: Wind Design per UBC-97 129
Procedure 3-3: Seismic Design for Vessels 131
Procedure 3-4: Seismic Design–Vessel on Unbraced Legs 136
Procedure 3-5: Seismic Design–Vessel on Braced Legs 143
Procedure 3-6: Seismic Design–Vessel on Rings 151
Procedure 3-7: Seismic Design–Vessel on Lugs #1 156
Procedure 3-8: Seismic Design–Vessel on Lugs #2 162
Procedure 3-9: Seismic Design–Vessel on Skirt 168
Procedure 3-10: Design of Horizontal Vessel on Saddles 177
Procedure 3-11: Design of Saddle Supports for Large Vessels 188
Procedure 3-12: Design of Base Plates for Legs 195
Procedure 3-13: Design of Lug Supports 199
Procedure 3-14: Design of Base Details for Vertical Vessels #1 203
Procedure 3-15: Design of Base Details for Vertical Vessels #2 211
References 213
Chapter 4. Special Designs 214
Procedure 4-1: Design of Large-Diameter Nozzle Openings 214
Procedure 4-2: Design of Cone-Cylinder Intersections 219
Procedure 4-3: Stresses at Circumferential Ring Stiffeners 227
Procedure 4-4: Tower Deflection 230
Procedure 4-5: Design of Ring Girders 233
Procedure 4-6: Design of Baffles 238
Procedure 4-7: Design of Vessels with Refractory Linings 248
Procedure 4-8: Vibration of Tall Towers and Stacks 255
References 265
Chapter 5. Local Loads 266
Procedure 5-1: Stresses in Circular Rings 267
Procedure 5-2: Design of Partial Ring Stiffeners 276
Procedure 5-3: Attachment Parameters 278
Procedure 5-4: Stresses in Cylindrical Shells from External Local Loads 280
Procedure 5-5: Stresses in Spherical Shells from External Local Loads 294
References 301
Chapter 6. Related Equipment 302
Procedure 6-1: Design of Davits 302
Procedure 6-2: Design of Circular Platforms 307
Procedure 6-3: Design of Square and Rectangular Platforms 315
Procedure 6-4: Design of Pipe Supports 320
Procedure 6-5: Shear Loads in Bolted Connections 328
Procedure 6-6: Design of Bins and Elevated Tanks 329
Procedure 6-7: Agitators/Mixers for Vessels and Tanks 339
Procedure 6-8: Design of Pipe Coils for Heat Transfer 346
Procedure 6-9: Field-Fabricated Spheres 366
References 375
Chapter 7. Transportation and Erection of Pressure Vessels 376
Procedure 7-1: Transportation of Pressure Vessels 376
Procedure 7-2: Erection of Pressure Vessels 398
Procedure 7-3: Lifting Attachments and Terminology 402
Procedure 7-4: Lifting Loads and Forces 411
Procedure 7-5: Design of Tail Beams, Lugs, and Base Ring Details 417
Procedure 7-6: Design of Top Head and Cone Lifting Lugs 427
Procedure 7-7: Design of Flange Lugs 431
Procedure 7-8: Design of Trunnions 442
Procedure 7-9: Local Loads in Shell Due to Erection Forces 445
Procedure 7-10: Miscellaneous 448
Appendices 454
Appendix A: Guide to ASME Section VIII, Division 1 454
Appendix B: Design Data Sheet for Vessels 455
Appendix C: Joint Effieiencies (ASME Code) 456
Appendix D: Properties of Heads 458
Appendix E: Volumes and Surface Areas of Vessel Sections 459
Appendix F: Vessel Nomenclature 466
Appendix G: Useful Formulas for Vessels 470
Appendix H: Material Selection Guide 475
Appendix I: Summary of Requirements for 100% X-Ray and PWHT 476
Appendix J: Material Properties 477
Appendix K: Metric Conversions 485
Appendix L: Allowable Compressive Stress for Columns, FA 486
Appendix M: Design of Flat Plates, 489
Appendix N: External Insulation for Vertical Vessels 491
Appendix O: Flow over Weirs 493
Appendix P: Time Required to Drain Vessels 494
Appendix Q: Vessel Surge Capacities and Hold-Up Times 496
Appendix R: Minor Defect Evaluation Procedure 497
References 498
Index 500