Applications in Electronics Pervading Industry, Environment and Society (eBook)

Preface 6
Contents 8
1 A Wireless Personal Sensor Node for Real Time Dosimetry of Interventional Radiology Operators 11
Abstract 11
1 Introduction 11
2 System Architecture and Network 12
3 Performance of the Network Inside the Operating Room 13
4 System Performance During Medical Procedures 14
5 Conclusion 16
Acknowledgments 16
References 16
2 A New FPGA-Based Architecture for Iterative and Space-Variant Image Processing 18
Abstract 18
1 Introduction 18
2 The Proposed Architecture 19
3 Simulation Results 23
4 A Comparison of Methods 24
5 Conclusions 24
References 24
3 Embedded Electronic Systems for Tactile Data Processing 26
Abstract 26
1 Introduction 26
2 Embedded Electronic System Requirements 27
3 FPGA Implementations Methods 29
3.1 Jacobi Method 29
3.2 CORDIC Method 29
3.3 One Sided Jacobi Rotation 30
4 Performance Analysis 30
5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 31
References 31
4 Microwave Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection: A COTS-Based Prototype 33
Abstract 33
1 Introduction 34
2 State of the Art of Microwave Imaging Systems 35
3 Front-End, Antennas, and Measurement Tank 36
3.1 Front-End 36
3.2 UWB Antenna 37
3.3 Measurement Tank 38
4 I-MUSIC Reconstruction Algorithm on a Xilinx Zynq 38
5 Experimental Results 40
6 Conclusions 41
References 41
5 A SystemVerilog-UVM Methodology for the Design, Simulation and Verification of Complex Readout Chips in High Energy Physics Applications 43
Abstract 43
1 Introduction 43
2 Global Optimization and Simulation Framework 44
3 Applications of the Framework 46
3.1 Simulation of a Test Case 46
3.2 Architectural Study on Buffering Resources 46
4 Conclusions 48
References 48
6 Embedded System for In-Line Characterization of Industrial Fluids 50
Abstract 50
1 Introduction 50
2 The System 51
2.1 Overview 51
2.2 The AFEB 52
2.3 The DSPB 53
3 Results and Conclusion 55
References 56
7 A Low Cost, Portable Device for Breath Analysis and Self-monitoring, the Wize Sniffer 57
Abstract 57
1 Introduction 58
2 Analyzed Gases 58
3 Wize Sniffer 1.X’s Hardware and Software Architecture 59
4 Preliminary Tests: Evaluation of the WS 1.X’s Performances 61
5 Results and Discussion 61
Acknowledgments 63
References 63
8 A Short Term Simulator for Vessel Manoeuvres Prediction 64
Abstract 64
1 Introduction 64
2 Simulation Methodology and Experimental Data 65
2.1 Experimental Data 65
2.2 Ship Modeling 66
2.3 Simulator Validation 67
3 Manoeuvre Predictor 67
3.1 Algorithm 68
3.2 Preliminary Results 69
4 Conclusion 70
References 70
9 A Portable System for the Monitoring of Dissolved Oxygen in Aquatic Environment 71
Abstract 71
1 Introduction 71
2 Experiments 72
2.1 Electronic Redout System 72
2.2 Material Synthesis 74
2.3 Sensor Preparation and Electrochemical Test 74
3 Results 75
4 Conclusions 77
References 77
10 Sensormind: Virtual Sensing and Complex Event Detection for Internet of Things 78
Abstract 78
1 Introduction 78
2 Architecture 80
2.1 Virtual Sensor Environment 82
3 Performance Assessment 82
3.1 Complex Event Processing and Detection 83
3.2 Thermal Comfort Virtual Sensor 84
4 Conclusion 85
Acknowledgment 85
References 85
11 RF-Powered HF-RFID Analog Sensors Platform 87
Abstract 87
1 Introduction 87
2 System Description 88
3 Platform Components 89
4 Antenna Design 90
5 Experimental Results 92
6 Conclusion 93
References 93
12 Enabling Technologies for the In-house Monitoring of Vital Signs in Chronic Patients 94
Abstract 94
1 Introduction 94
2 The In-house Monitoring 95
3 The Gateway System 96
3.1 Gateway for Patients 96
3.2 Gateway for Caregivers 97
4 The ECG Sensor 99
5 Conclusions 100
References 100
13 Measuring Tissue Compression: A Circuit for Sensing and Signal Conditioning 101
Abstract 101
1 Introduction 101
1.1 Development of a Tissue Health and Pressure Ulcer Prediction System 102
2 Signal Acquisition and Conditioning 102
2.1 The Tissue Compression Sensor 103
2.2 “Charge Amplifier”—Front End 104
2.3 Signal Processing Stages and A/D Converter 105
2.4 USB Transmission and Supply 105
3 Discussion 106
4 Conclusion 106
Acknowledgments 107
References 107
14 Narrowband Delay Tolerant Protocols for WSN Applications: Characterization and Selection Guide 108
Abstract 108
1 Introduction 108
2 DTN Protocols Set 109
2.1 Controlled Flooding—Protocol Calibration 111
2.2 C.F. With Hop Limitation—Protocol Calibration 113
2.3 C.F. SnW—Protocol Calibration 114
3 Protocol Performance Comparison Versus Number of Nodes 115
4 Matching Applications with Protocols 117
5 Conclusions 119
Acknowledgments 119
References 119
15 New X-Ray Radiation Sensor for Dosimetry Imaging 121
Abstract 121
1 Introduction 121
2 Method and Experiment Description 122
2.1 LiFo Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Dosimeters 122
2.2 Floating Gate Semiconductor Radiation Sensors 124
3 Experimental Data 126
3.1 LiFo Dosimeters Exposure 126
3.2 Semiconductor Sensor Exposure—Single Cells and Matrices 127
4 Summary 129
References 130
16 A Novel Instrumentation for an Advanced High Temperature Reverse Bias (HTRB) Testing on Power Transistors 131
Abstract 131
1 Introduction 131
2 Innovative Instrumentation Description 133
3 New Proposed Methodology 135
4 Experiment and Results 135
5 Conclusions 139
References 140
17 A Wireless Sensor Node Based on Microbial Fuel Cell 141
Abstract 141
1 Introduction 142
2 Microbial Fuel Cells 143
3 Sensor Node Realization 144
3.1 Choice of the Microbial Fuel Cell 145
3.2 Digital Converter/Transmitter 146
4 Experimental Results 147
5 Conclusion and Future Works 148
Acknowledgments 148
References 148
18 Autonomous Wireless Sensor Network for Structural Health Monitoring of Aerostructures 149
Abstract 149
1 Introduction 149
2 System Implementation 150
3 Experimental Tests 151
3.1 Energy Harvesting 151
3.2 Electro-mechanical Impedance 151
3.3 Frequency Steerable Sensor 152
4 Conclusions 154
Acknowledgments 154
References 154
19 Wearable Speech Enhancement System for Motor Impaired People 156
Abstract 156
1 Introduction 156
2 System Architecture 157
2.1 Wearable Device 158
2.2 Computing Platform 160
3 Evaluation 160
4 Conclusion 161
References 162
20 System-Level Analysis for Integrated Power Amplifier Design in mmWave Consumer Wireless Communications 163
Abstract 163
1 Introduction 163
2 System-Level Specifications for mmWave PA Design 164
3 mmWave PA in 65 Nm Silicon Technology 167
4 Comparison to State of the Art and Conclusions 169
References 169
21 UDOO-Based Environmental Monitoring System 171
Abstract 171
1 Introduction 171
2 Experiments 172
3 Results 174
4 Conclusions 176
References 176
22 A Smart LED Light Control System for Environmentally Friendly Buildings 177
Abstract 177
1 Introduction 177
2 Smart Lighting System Architecture 178
2.1 Wireless Driver Device 180
2.2 Router for Monitoring and Decision Making 181
2.3 Base Control Station 182
3 Experimental Results 182
4 Conclusions 183
Acknowledgments 184
References 184
23 A Low-Cost, Open-Source Cyber Physical System for Automated, Remotely Controlled Precision Agriculture 186
Abstract 186
1 Introduction 186
2 Related Works 187
3 System Architecture 188
3.1 Field Devices 189
3.2 Central Unit 190
3.3 Mobile App 191
4 Prototype Implementation 191
5 Decision Levels 194
6 Results 195
7 Costs and Maintenance 196
8 Conclusions and Future Work 197
References 197
24 Assessment of Driver Behavior Based on Machine Learning Approaches in a Social Gaming Scenario 199
Abstract 199
1 Introduction 200
2 Related Work 200
3 System Architecture 202
4 Test Site Description 205
5 Driver Performance Assessment 205
5.1 Kohonen Neural Networks 205
5.2 K-NN (Nearest Neighbors) 206
5.3 Linear Distances 207
5.4 Dynamic Sliding Window 208
6 Social Gaming Prototype Scenario 209
7 Results 210
8 Conclusion 211
References 211
25 A Novel Technique for the CMRR Improvement in a Portable ECG System 213
Abstract 213
1 Introduction 213
2 CMRR Decay and Known Techniques for Its Improvement 214
3 System Overview 215
4 Experimental Results 216
5 Conclusion 218
References 219
26 An Optimization Device for Series Parallel Connected PV Plants 220
Abstract 220
1 Introduction 220
2 The Series Parallel Versus Total Cross Tied in PV Plants Reconfiguration 221
3 The Prototype 222
4 Applications and Results 225
5 Conclusions 228
Acknowledgments 228
References 229