Atlas of Trace Fossils in Well Core (eBook)

Dirk Knaust is a specialist in Sedimentology in Statoil’s Research Department (Exploration) in Stavanger, Norway. After working as a Geologist in an underground mine and graduating in Germany with a PhD in Geology (Carbonate Sedimentology, Stratigraphy and Paleontology in the Triassic), in 1997 he followed an offer from the Norwegian oil and gas industry working in Exploration and Field Development. Since then he has been frequently exposed to a vast amount of well core for investigation. The author has studied various aspects of trace fossils and ichnology, which is documented in about 60 publications in scientific journals and edited volumes. He is Co-Editor of the book Trace Fossils as Indicators of Sedimentary Environments (Elsevier) and Associate Editor of the journal Ichnos, amongst others. Dirk is Leading Author of a revised version of the Trace Fossils volume to be published in the Treatise of Invertebrate Paleontology.

Foreword 6
References 7
Preface 9
Contents 11
About the Author 13
1 Introduction 14
References 15
2 Ichnological Basics, Principles and Concepts 17
2.1 Terminology and Definitions 17
2.2 Some Principles 18
References 23
3 Applications of Trace-Fossil Analysis 24
3.1 Facies Interpretation 24
3.2 Stratigraphy 25
3.3 Reservoir Quality 25
References 30
4 Methodology in Ichnological Core Logging 31
4.1 Identification of Bounding Surfaces and Quantification of Bioturbation 31
4.2 Identification and Documentation of Key Trace Fossils 32
4.3 Analysis of Burrow Size and Tiering Patterns 32
4.4 Quantification of Ichnodiversity and Ichnoabundance 34
4.5 Advanced Techniques and Methods 34
4.6 Neoichnological Approach and Analog Studies 36
References 36
5 Selected Trace Fossils in Core and Outcrop 37
5.1 Classification of Burrows 37
5.2 Arenicolites Salter, 1857 39
5.3 Artichnus Zhang et al., 2008 43
5.4 Asterosoma von Otto, 1854 44
5.5 Bergaueria Prantl, 1946 51
5.6 Bornichnus Bromley and Uchman, 2003 54
5.7 Camborygma Hasiotis and Mitchell, 1993 58
5.8 Chondrites von Sternberg, 1833 63
5.9 Conichnus Männil, 1966 69
5.10 Cylindrichnus Toots in Howard, 1966 75
5.11 Diplocraterion Torell, 1870 81
5.12 Hillichnus Bromley et al., 2003 89
5.13 Lingulichnus Hakes, 1976 92
5.14 Macaronichnus Clifton and Thompson, 1978 95
5.15 Nereites MacLeay in Murchison, 1839 100
5.16 Ophiomorpha Lundgren, 1891 103
5.17 Palaeophycus Hall, 1847 111
5.18 Paradictyodora Olivero et al., 2004 112
5.19 Parahaentzschelinia Chamberlain, 1971 116
5.20 Phoebichnus Bromley and Asgaard, 1972 119
5.21 Phycosiphon Fischer-Ooster, 1858 122
5.22 Planolites Nicholson, 1873 127
5.23 Rhizocorallium Zenker, 1836 130
5.24 Rosselia Dahmer, 1937 134
5.25 Schaubcylindrichnus Frey and Howard, 1981 139
5.26 Scolicia de Quatrefages, 1849 141
5.27 Scoyenia White, 1929 148
5.28 Siphonichnus Stanistreet et al., 1980 151
5.29 Skolithos Haldeman, 1840 155
5.30 Taenidium Heer, 1877 159
5.31 Teichichnus Seilacher, 1955 164
5.32 Thalassinoides Ehrenberg, 1944 169
5.33 Tisoa de Serres, 1840 173
5.34 Trichichnus Frey, 1970b 175
5.35 Virgaichnus Knaust, 2010a 178
5.36 Zoophycos Massalongo, 1855 182
5.37 Diffuse Bioturbate Texture 187
5.38 Plant Roots and Their Traces 189
5.39 Borings 193
5.40 Pseudo-trace Fossils 203
References 203
Index 217