Surface Ruptures Associated with the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake Sequence in Southwest Japan

Yasuhiro Kumahara is an associate professor in the Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences at Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan. After earning his Ph.D. from Hiroshima University in 2003, he joined the Hiroshima University Museum as a curator and then the Department of Education, Gunma University, Japan. In 2017, he moved back to Hiroshima University. He has been working on tectonic geomorphology, earthquake geology, and disaster prevention education in South Asia, such as India, Nepal, Bhutan, and also in Japan, collaborating with local universities and research institutes. The research approaches he employs include geomorphology, Quaternary geology, and remote sensing. Recently, he has developed an educational program on disaster prevention of active faults in Nepal. Heitaro Kaneda is a professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan. After he earned his Ph.D. from Kyoto University and spent some time as a postdoc at The University of Tokyo and San Diego State University, he became a researcher of the Active Fault Research Center at the Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. He then moved to the Department of Earth Sciences at Chiba University and taught there for 11 years before joining Chuo University in 2020. He has been working on tectonic, mountain, and glacial/periglacial geomorphology. His research is most characterized by fieldwork at remote locations, including deep forest mountains, barren deserts, alpine mountains, and Antarctic nunataks, which are combined with detailed geomorphic analyses of high-definition digital topographic data and geochronology with widespread tephra, radiocarbon dating, and surface exposure dating. Hiroyuki Tsutsumi is a professor in the Department of Environmental Systems Science at Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan. After earning his Ph.D. from Oregon State University in 1996, he taught at the Department of Geology, Kochi University and the Department of Geophysics, Kyoto University. Since 2017, he has taught at Doshisha University. He has been working on tectonic geomorphology and earthquake geology in Asia, such as Afghanistan, Pakistan, Myanmar, Indonesia, Philippines, Japan, and the Russian Far East, collaborating with local universities and research institutes. He employs multidisciplinary approaches, including geomorphology, Quaternary geology, structural geology, remote sensing, geochronology, and shallow subsurface geophysics.

Geomorphology and Geology.- Seismicity and Crustal Movement.- Active Faults and Paleoseismicity.- Seismological and Geodetic Observations of the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake Sequence.- Field Mapping Methods and Data Compilation Procedures of the Surface Ruptures.- General Characteristics of the Surface Ruptures of the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake Sequence.- Surface Ruptures of the Shirahata-Oike Section.- Surface Ruptures along the Kita-Amagi Fault Zone.- Surface Ruptures along the Southern Part of the Futagawa Fault.- Surface Ruptures along the Central-Northern Part of the Futagawa Fault.- Surface Ruptures in the Downtown of Kumamoto City.- Surface Ruptures and Tectonic Geomorphology along and around the Idenokuchi Fault.- Surface Ruptures in the Northwestern Part of the Inner Aso Caldera.- Surface Ruptures in the Northeastern Part of the Inner Aso Caldera.- Surface Ruptures in the Northwest of the Outer Aso Caldera.- Surface Ruptures along the Western Part of the Bungo-Kaido Road.- Surface Ruptures in Mashiki Town: Tectonic Significance and Building Damage.- Surface Ruptures Accompanied with the Largest Foreshock.