Nonlinear Optics (eBook)

Cover 1
Copyright 4
Table of contents 6
Preface to the Second Edition 12
Preface to the First Edition 14
1. The Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility 17
1.1. Introduction to Nonlinear Optics 17
1.2. Descriptions of Nonlinear Optical Interactions 20
1.3. Formal Definition of the Nonlinear Susceptibility 33
1.4. Nonlinear Susceptibility of a Classical Anharmonic Oscillator 36
1.5. Properties of the Nonlinear Susceptibility 48
1.6. Time-Domain Description of Optical Nonlinearities 70
1.7. Kramers-Kronig Relations in Linear and Nonlinear Optics 72
2. Wave-Equation Description of Nonlinear Optical Interactions 83
2.1. The Wave Equation for Nonlinear Optical Media 83
2.2. The Coupled-Wave Equations for Sum-Frequency Generation 88
2.3. The Manley–Rowe Relations 92
2.4. Sum-Frequency Generation 95
2.5. Difference-Frequency Generation and Parametric Amplification 100
2.6. Second-Harmonic Generation 103
2.7. Phase-Matching Considerations 110
2.8. Optical Parametric Oscillators 115
2.9. Quasi-Phase-Matching 123
2.10. Nonlinear Optical Interactions with Focused Gaussian Beams 127
2.11. Nonlinear Optics at an Interface 133
3. Quantum-Mechanical Theory of the Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility 145
3.1. Introduction 145
3.2. Schrodinger Equation Calculation of the Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility 147
3.3. Density Matrix Formalism of Quantum Mechanics 160
3.4. Perturbation Solution of the Density Matrix Equation of Motion 167
3.5. Density Matrix Calculation of the Linear Susceptibility 170
3.6. Density Matrix Calculation of the Second-Order Susceptibility 177
3.7. Density Matrix Calculation of the Third-Order Susceptibility 187
3.8. Local-Field Corrections to the Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility 192
4. The Intensity-Dependent Refractive Index 205
4.1. Descriptions of the Intensity-Dependent Refractive Index 205
4.2. Tensor Nature of the Third-Order Susceptibility 209
4.3. Nonresonant Electronic Nonlinearities 219
4.4. Nonlinearities Due to Molecular Orientation 226
4.5. Thermal Nonlinear Optical Effects 236
4.6. Semiconductor Nonlinearities 240
5. Molecular Origin of the Nonlinear Optical Response 253
5.1. Nonlinear Susceptibilities Calculated Using Time-Independent Perturbation Theory 253
5.2. Semiempirical Models of the Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility 259
5.3. Nonlinear Optical Properties of Conjugated Polymers 262
5.4. Bond-Charge Model of Nonlinear Optical Properties 264
5.5. Nonlinear Optics of Chiral Media 268
5.6. Nonlinear Optics of Liquid Crystals 271
6. Nonlinear Optics in the Two-Level Approximation 277
6.1. Introduction 277
6.2. Density Matrix Equations of Motion for a Two-Level Atom 278
6.3. Steady-State Response of a Two-Level Atom to a Monochromatic Field 285
6.4. Optical Bloch Equations 292
6.5. Rabi Oscillations and Dressed Atomic States 299
6.6. Optical Wave Mixing in Two-Level Systems 311
7. Processes Resulting from the Intensity- Dependent Refractive Index 327
7.1. Self-Focusing of Light and Other Self-Action Effects 327
7.2. Optical Phase Conjugation 340
7.3. Optical Bistability and Optical Switching 356
7.4. Two-Beam Coupling 366
7.5. Pulse Propagation and Temporal Solitons 372
8. Spontaneous Light Scattering and Acoustooptics 387
8.1. Features of Spontaneous Light Scattering 387
8.2. Microscopic Theory of Light Scattering 393
8.3. Thermodynamic Theory of Scalar Light Scattering 398
8.4. Acoustooptics 409
9. Stimulated Brillouin and Stimulated Rayleigh Scattering 425
9.1. Stimulated Scattering Processes 425
9.2. Electrostriction 427
9.3. Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (Induced by Electrostriction) 432
9.4. Phase Conjugation by Stimulated Brillouin Scattering 444
9.5. Stimulated Brillouin Scattering in Gases 449
9.6. General Theory of Stimulated Brillouin and Stimulated Rayleigh Scattering 451
10. Stimulated Raman Scattering and Stimulated Rayleigh- Wing Scattering 467
10.1. The Spontaneous Raman Effect 467
10.2. Spontaneous versus Stimulated Raman Scattering 468
10.3. Stimulated Raman Scattering Described by the Nonlinear Polarization 473
10.4. Stokes– Anti-Stokes Coupling in Stimulated Raman Scattering 482
10.5. Stimulated Rayleigh-Wing Scattering 492
11. The Electrooptic and Photorefractive Effects 501
11.1. Introduction to the Electrooptic Effect 501
11.2. Linear Electrooptic Effect 502
11.3. Electrooptic Modulators 507
11.4. Introduction to the Photorefractive Effect 513
11.5. Photorefractive Equations of Kukhtarev 515
11.6. Two-Beam Coupling in Photorefractive Materials 517
11.7. Four-Wave Mixing in Photorefractive Materials 524
12. Optically Induced Damage and Multiphoton Absorption 531
12.1. Introduction to Optical Damage 531
12.2. Avalanche-Breakdown Model 533
12.3. Influence of Laser Pulse Duration 535
12.4. Direct Photoionization 536
12.5. Multiphoton Absorption and Multiphoton Ionization 537
13. Ultrafast and Intense-Field Nonlinear Optics 549
13.1. Introduction 549
13.2. Ultrashort Pulse Propagation Equation 549
13.3. Interpretation of the Ultrashort Pulse Propagation Equation 555
13.4. Intense-Field Nonlinear Optics 559
13.5. Motion of a Free Electron in a Laser Field 560
13.6. High-Harmonic Generation 563
13.7. Nonlinear Optics of Plasmas and Relativistic Nonlinear Optics 566
13.8. Nonlinear Quantum Electrodynamics 571
Appendicies 577
Appendix A: The Gaussian System of Units 577
Appendix B: Systems of Units in Nonlinear Optics 581
Appendix C: Relationship between Intensity and Field Strength 584
Appendix D: Physical Constants 585
Index 587