Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine — A.P.I.C.E.

Anaesthesia and Critical Care: Technology and Standards of Care.- Experimental Models in Hemodilution.- New Insight Into the Role of Microcirculation in Shock.- The Electrocardiogram.- Myocardial Contractility. Mechanism — Diagnosis — Therapy. Focus in General Anesthesia — Linked Problems.- Hypocynetic and Hypercynetic Arrhythmias: Diagnosis, Management, Prevention.- Clinical Applications of the Transpulmonary Thermodilution Technique.- Respiratory Function — Monitoring and Modalities at the Bedside.- Respiratory Physiology during Artificial Ventilation.- Capnography: Basic Concepts.- Capnography in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Volumetric Capnography in Anaesthesia.- Disturbances of Alveolar Capillary Permeability Pathomechanisms and Pharmaceutical Interactions.- Local and Systemic Effects of Hypercapnia.- Monitoring Respiratory Mechanics by Forced Oscillation in Ventilated Patients.- Optimizing Patient Interface with Ventilation.- Prevention of Acute Respiratory Failure by Optimal Ventilator Settings: The Open Lung Concept.- Prevention of Acute Respiratory Failure by Early Surfactant Application.- Optimization of Oxygenation During One-Lung Ventilation.- Management of Lung Separation: The Difficult Airway.- Use of Alternative Techniques in a Difficult Tracheal Intubation.- Outcome of Patients Treated with Non-Invasive Ventilation in Intensive Care Unit.- Detection of Respiratory Muscle Fatigue: Diagnostic Tests in Intensive Care Unit.- Inspiratory Capacity, Exercise Tolerance, Respiratory Failure in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.- Chest Roentgenology in the Intensive Care Unit.- Metabolic Changes with Surgery — Lessons to be Learned.- Monitoring of Substrates in Catabolic Patients.- Renal Dysfunction in the Perioperative Period.- Patient Selection, Timing and Stopping of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy.- Fluid and Electrolyte Dynamics in the Body.- Monitoring of Blood Volume.- Volume Replacement — Crystalloids vs. Colloids vs. Colloids Controversy.- Sedatives — Pharmacological Advances and Clinical Use.- Advances in Clinical Pharmacology of the Muscle Relaxants.- Recommendations on the Appropriate Use of the Muscle Relaxant.- Muscle Relaxants: Side Effects and Complications.- Opioid Pharmacology.- New Narcotics.- Target-Controlled Infusion: Definition, Methods, Limits.- Target-Controlled Infusion: Clinical Use in Anesthesia and Intensive Care.- Decision Making in Patients Undergoing CABG.- Perioperative Period in the Elderly.- Inflammatory Response to Cardiopulmonary Bypass Cardiac Operations The Role of Anaesthesia and Steroid Treatment.- Fast Track Cardiac Surgery The Italian Multicenter Study on Steroids in Coronary Bypass Surgery.- Postoperative Morbidity — What the Anaesthetist Needs to Know.- Basic Concepts of Closed-Loop Anesthesia Delivery Systems.- Clonidine Smoothing Anesthesia.- Anaphylactic and Anaphylactoid Reactions During Anesthesia.- Combined Epidural and General Anesthesia in High-Risk Patients.- Critical Point in Perioperative Medicine: Anaesthesia for Day Surgery.- Challenges for Perioperative Management of Obese Patients: How to Manage the Airways.- Respiratory Management in Obese Patients.- Challenges for Perioperative Management of Obese Patients — How to Manage Complications.- Gero-Anesthesia: Functional Reserve, Cardiovascular Changes, and Postoperative Complications.- Management of the Hopelessly Ill Patient: To Stop or Not to Start? Assessment and Decisions in the Perioperative Period.- Pre- and Intraoperative Methods to Reduce Immediate Postoperative Pain.- Strategies to Maintain Homeostasis in Major-Risk Pediatric Surgery.- Useful Guide for Management of Postoperative Pain.- Recommendations on Paediatric Basic Life Support.- What’s New in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Infants and Children.- Heart Disease and Pregnancy.- Risk Assessment for Obstetric Anesthesia.- Fetal Complications During Complicated Delivery.- Function and Dysfunction of the Liver: An Overview.- Pathophysiology of Liver Dysfunction.- Acute Pancreatitis in the ICU.- Management of Consumption Coagulopathy.- Liver Transplantation — Anesthesia and Intensive Care.- Challenges in Perioperative Care Transplantation: Heart Transplant.- Challenge in Perioperative Care Transplantation: Lung Transplant.- Bad and Good News From the Emergency Department.- Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism in Neurotrauma.- Neurotrauma: Monitoring and Management of Early and Late Complications.- Anaesthesia Management Problems in Trauma.- Imaging of Neurotrauma.- Prevention and Reduction of Pneumonia Associated with Ventilation in Intensive Therapy.- New Perspectives in the Management of Gram-Positive Infections.- Focus on Peritonitis: Diagnostic Procedures.- Early Defibrillation.- Outcome and Cost-Effectiveness of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.- Epidemiology of Epilepsy.- Local Area Network Videoconferencing for Continuous Anesthesia Quality Improvement.- Monitoring of Performance in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care.- Albumin in Critical Care — Use, Abuse, or Misuse.- Real-Time Monitoring of the Process of Care.- Anesthesia Residency Education in America.- Education in Intensive Care.- Errors in the Intensive Care Unit.- Error Prevention in Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine.- Evidence-Based Medicine: An Effective Guide to Intelligent Physician.- Long-Term Outcome of Intensive Care: How Well Are the Survivors?.