Articulatory and Phonological Impairments

All chapters include a “Chapter Outline,” “Summary,” and “References.”

Preface.


1. Clinical Framework: Basic Terms and Concepts.


Articulation and Articulation Disorders.



Phonetics and Its Relationship to Articulation Disorders.



Speech Sounds versus Phonemes: Clinical Application.



Phonology and Phonological Disorders.



Phonetics versus Phonology: Form and Function.



Articulation Disorders and Phonological Disorders.



2. Articulatory Phonetics: Speech Sound Form.


Vowels versus Consonants.



Sounds in Context: Coarticulation and Assimilation.



3. Phonetics Transcription and Diacritics.


Phonetic Transcription as a Notational System.



Why Use Phonetic Transcription?



Diacritics.



Clinical Implications.



4. Theoretical Considerations.


Phonology.



Distinctive Feature Theories.



Generative Phonology.



Natural Phonology.



Linear versus Nonlinear Phonologies.



5. Normal Phonological Development.


Aspects of Structural and Functional Development.



Aspects of Perceptual Development.



Prelinguistic Stages: Before the First Word.



Transition from Babbling to First Words.



The First Fifty Words.



The Preschool Child.



The School-Age Child.



6. Appraisal: Collection of Data.


Evaluation by the Clinician.



Initial Impression.



Articulation Tests.



Spontaneous Speech Sample.



Evaluation of the Speech Mechanism.



Selection of Additional Assessment Measures.



Special Considerations.



Summary of the Data.



7. Diagnosis: Phonetic versus Phonemic Emphasis.


Preliminary Analysis: Inventory and Distribution of Speech Sounds.



Decision-Making: Primarily Phonetic Emphasis.



Decision-Making: Primarily Phonemic Emphasis.



Measures of Severity and Intelligibility.



8. Therapy for Phonetic Errors.


Decision Making: When to Use a Phonetic Approach.



Therapy Sequence.



Individual Sound Errors.



Misarticulations of: s-sounds, sh-sounds, k- and g-sounds, l-sounds, r-sounds including central vowels with r-coloring, th-sounds.



Other Sound Errors.



Voicing Problems, Misarticulations of f- and v-Sounds, Affricates, and Consonant Clusters.



9. Treatment of Phonemic Errors.


Treatment Principles.



Minimal Pair Contrast Therapies.



Cycles Training.



Metaphon Therapy.



Phonemic Disorders with Concurrent Language Problems.



Therapeutic Suggestions.



The Child with an Emerging Phonological System.



Therapeutic Suggestions.



Treatment of Multiple Vowel Errors.



10. Articulatory/Phonological Disorders in Selected Populations.


Development Apraxia of Speech: A Disorder of Speech motor Control.



Motor Speech Disorders: Cerebral Palsy.



Clefting: Cleft Palate and Cleft Lip.



Mental Disability.



Hearing Impairment.



Motor Speech Disorders: Acquired Apraxia of Speech.



Motor Speech Disorders: The Dysarthrias.



Glossary.


References.


Index.