Biomass Pelletization
WIT Press (Verlag)
978-1-78466-062-8 (ISBN)
Environmental and energy dependency problems derived from high fossil fuels consumption have made necessary the development of new energy models to be renewable and sustainable, efficient, practical and economical, and cost effective, to meet the demand for a sustainable energy supply.Among renewable resources, biomass is destined to play an important role in these new energy models since agricultural and forestry residues are an energy resource that is produced in relatively large amounts throughout the world and regarded as a renewable and environmentally safe way of providing energy.Compiling information on the conversion of energy from biomass, the book focuses on the use of pellets as homogeneous solid biofuels. It describes all the changes that forestry and agricultural biomass undergo to be converted into thermal energy and analyses the inputs and outputs of the process.It has to be noted that the standards used as guidelines and references in all the chapters of the book are there in order to not to forget the thresholds and guidelines established and thus to ensure a proper use.This book guides the reader through the entire biomass-to-energy process, emphasising important aspects and how the quality of the biofuel can be identified.
It acts as a starting point for professionals and researchers interested in working with biomass and a guide for those people interested in the implementation of the technologies described.
ContentsCHAPTER 1BackgroundIntroduction; Energy from Biomass; Biomass definition and classification; Biomass advantages and barriers; Biomass energy conversion technologies; Biomass potential and consumption; Densification of Biomass; Pelletization advantages; Pelletization process; ReferencesCHAPTER 2Factors Affecting Pellet QualityIntroduction; Biomass properties; Chemical properties of the raw materials; Mechanical and physical properties of pellets; European pellet quality standards; Pellet quality: standards and certification; Comparative analysis of European pellet quality standards; Conclusions; ReferencesCHAPTER 3Physical Transformation Processes of Forest Biomass: Chipping, Bundling, Drying and Control of Particle Size DistributionForest Biomass Harvesting and Transportation; Harvesting and transportation costs of forest residual biomass; Harvesting and transportation costs of woody energy crops; Forest Biomass Drying; Natural drying; Artificial drying; Size reduction; ReferencesCHAPTER 4Biomass Pelletization ProcessIntroduction; The Pelletization Process; Feedstock storage; Removal of undesirable impurities; Size reduction; Material transportation; Biomass drying; Mixing and conditioning; Pellet production; Cooling and screening; European Guidelines; European guidelines for woody pellets; European guidelines for non-woody pellets or pellets from mixtures of biomasses; State-of-the-Art of the Pelletization of Forestry and Agricultural Residues; Conclusions; ReferencesCHAPTER 5Biomass Pellet-Fired BoilersDomestic Pellet-Burning Appliances; Loose stokers with integrated hopper; Wood pellet boiler combined with oil-fired boiler; Pellet burners without hoppers; Compact boiler systems; Pellet stoves; Pellet stoves with back boilers; Wood pellet boiler with solar heating; Wood Pellet Boilers; Technical features; Safety requirements regarding back-burning; Emissions; Efficiency; Certification; Wood Pellet Stoves; ReferencesCHAPTER 6Gaseous Emissions from the Combustion of Biomass PelletsIntroduction; Gaseous Emission Components from Biomass Combustion; Gaseous emissions from complete biomass combustion; Gaseous emissions from incomplete biomass combustion; Emissions Thresholds in the European Union; Emissions Data; Domestic furnaces; Industrial appliances; ReferencesCHAPTER 7Particulate Emissions from the Combustion of Biomass PelletsIntroduction; Legislative Framework; Sampling and Measuring Techniques; Particle Matter Formation in Combustion Systems; Inorganic particle formation; Soot and organic particles formation; Particle morphology; Particle dynamics; Particle Matter Emissions in Pellet-Fired Appliances; ReferencesCHAPTER 8Slagging and Fouling Risks Derived from the Combustion of Solid BiofuelsIntroduction; Methods to Predict the Slagging and Fouling Tendencies of Biomass Fuels; Threshold values for critical elements of fuel composition and slagging and fouling indexes; Alkali metals; Chlorine; Ash melting temperatures; Simple subjective slagging tests; Slag and ash granulometric (SaG) method; Conclusions; ReferencesCHAPTER 9The Use of Biomass in District Heating and Cooling SystemsIntroduction; Legislative Framework; DHC Systems; Definition; DHC systems fed with biomass; Advantages and disadvantages; The Model of Energy Service Companies; The Case of Geolit, a DHC Central System Using Biomass; Specifications of the facility; Fuel and heat demand; Main advantages; Conclusions; ReferencesCHAPTER 10Benefits from the Use of Pellet Boilers in the Energy Rating of BuildingsIntroduction; Legal Framework; Calculation Method in the Energy Rating; Climatic zoning; Energy efficiency indicators method; Method for obtaining efficiency classes; Simulation software; Case Study; Characteristics; Results; Conclusions; References
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 16.4.2015 |
|---|---|
| Verlagsort | Southampton |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Maße | 156 x 234 mm |
| Themenwelt | Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Ökologie / Naturschutz |
| Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik | |
| ISBN-10 | 1-78466-062-0 / 1784660620 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-1-78466-062-8 / 9781784660628 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
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