Microscale Diagnostic Techniques (eBook)

Editor 4
Preface 5
Table of Contents 6
List of Contributors 9
1. Microrheology 11
1.1 Introduction 11
1.2 Active Microrheology Methods 12
1.3 Passive Microrheology Methods 28
1.4 Practical Applications of One-Particle Microrheology 38
1.5 Two-Particle Microrheology 40
1.6 Summary 43
Appendix: Descriptions of Experimental Apparati 44
References 54
2. Micron-Resolution Particle Image Velocimetry 61
Abstract 61
2.1 Introduction 61
2.2 Theory of µPIV 63
2.3 Particle/Fluid Dynamics 70
2.4 Typical Micro-PIV Hardware Implementation 76
2.5 Algorithms and Processing for µPIV 77
2.6 Application Examples of µPIV 86
2.7 Extensions of the µPIV Technique 99
2.8 Conclusions 119
References 120
3. Electrokinetic Flow Diagnostics 123
3.1 Theory 124
3.2 Diagnostics 131
3.3 Caged-Fluorescence Visualization 147
3.4 Particle Imaging Techniques 151
3.5 Concluding Remarks 159
References 160
4. Micro- and Nano-Scale Diagnostic Techniques for Thermometry and Thermal Imaging of Microelectronic and Data Storage Devices 165
4.1 Introduction 165
4.2 State-Of-Art Technologies and Relevant Thermal Phenomenon in Semiconductor Devices 167
4.3 State-Of-Art Technologies and Relevant Thermal Phenomena in Data Storage Technologies 170
4.4 Thermometry 172
References 199
5. Nanoscale Mechanical Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes 207
5.1 Introduction 207
5.2 Instruments for Nanoscale Characterization 208
5.3 Techniques for Nanoscale Mechanical Characterization of CNT 221
5.4 Mechanical Engineering Applications of Individual CNTs for Actuation and Electromechanics 231
5.5 Conclusion and Future Directions 232
References 233
6. Applications of the Piezoelectric Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Microdevice Development 237
6.1 Introduction 237
6.2 Properties of Piezoelectric Quartz 238
6.3 Theoretical Models 239
6.4 Equipment and Experimental Methods 248
6.5 Experimental Observations of Slip at Interfaces 250
6.6 Measurement of Viscoelastic Properties of Films 254
6.7 Tribology and Tribochemistry of Surfaces 255
6.8 QCM Uses in Physiological Processes 260
References 264