Multimedia Communications (eBook)

Cover 1
Contents 8
Preface 16
List of Contributors 18
Chapter 1. Multimedia Communications: Source Representations, Networks, and Applications 20
1.1 Introduction 20
1.2 Networks and Network Services 22
1.3 Multimedia Sources 25
1.4 Source and Destination Terminals 27
1.5 Applications of Multimedia Communications Networks 28
1.6 Conclusions 31
1.7 For Further Reading 31
Chapter 2. Future Telecommunication Networks: Traffic and Technologies 32
2.1 Key Technologies 33
2.2 Impact of Competition 35
2.3 Four Traffic Hypotheses 36
2.4 Synergy: Future Projections 40
2.5 Summary and Conclusions 41
2.6 Bibliography 41
Chapter 3. Speech Coding Standards 44
3.1 Introduction 44
3.2 Speech Analysis-Synthesis and Linear Prediction 46
3.3 Linear Prediction and Speech Coding Standards 48
3.4 Standards Based on Subband and Transform Coders 58
3.5 Summary and Emerging Standards 60
3.6 References 61
Chapter 4. Audio Coding Standards 64
4.1 Introduction 64
4.2 ISO/MPEG Audio Coding Standards 64
4.3 Other Audio Coding Standards 69
4.4 Architectural Overview 72
4.5 Conclusions 78
4.6 Definitions of Key Terms 78
4.7 References 79
4.8 Bibliography 79
Chapter 5. Still Image Compression Standards 80
5.1 Introduction 80
5.2 Lossy Compression 81
5.3 Lossless Compression 90
5.4 Bilevel Image Compression 92
5.5 Definitions of Key Terms 98
5.6 References 99
5.7 Bibliography 99
Chapter 6. Multimedia Conferencing Standards 100
6.1 Introduction 100
6.2 H.320 for ISDN Videoconferencing 101
6.3 H.320 Network Adaptation Standards: H.321 and H.322 108
6.4 A New Generation: H.323, H.324, and H.310 109
6.5 T.120 for Data Conferencing and Conference Control 117
6.6 Summary 117
6.7 References 118
Chapter 7. MPEG-1 and -2 Compression 120
1.1 Introduction 120
7.2 The MPEG Model 120
7.3 MPEG Video 122
7.4 Summary 135
Chapter 8. MPEG-4 and MPEG-7 136
8.1 Introduction 136
8.2 MPEG-4 137
8.3 MPEG-7 146
8.4 Summary 147
8.5 References 147
Chapter 9. ATM Network Technology 148
9.1 Introduction 148
9.2 Overview 149
9.3 Physical Layer Specifications 152
9.4 ATM Layer Specifications 153
9.5 ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) Specifications 154
9.6 Network Aspects of B-ISDN 154
9.7 Other ATM Network Technologies 159
9.8 Concluding Remarks 160
9.9 Definitions of Key Terms 160
9.10 Bibliography 161
9.11 For Further Information 161
Chapter 10. ISDN 162
10.1 Introduction 162
10.2 ISDN User-Network Interfaces 165
10.3 Layers 1, 2, and 3 Specifications of UNI 170
10.4 Access Transmission Line Systems 190
10.5 References 196
Chapter 11. Video-on-Demand Broadcasting Protocols 198
11.1 Introduction 198
11.2 Common Terms and Concepts 199
11.3 Staggered Broadcasting Protocols 199
11.4 Pyramid Broadcasting Protocols 200
11.5 Harmonic Broadcasting Protocols 203
11.6 Summary 205
11.7 Definitions of Key Terms 206
11.8 References 207
11.9 For Further Information 208
Chapter 12. Internet Telephony Technology and Standards Overview 210
12.1 Introduction 210
12.2 Internet Telephony Architecture Overview 211
12.3 Related Internet Telephony Standards 213
12.4 Current and Developing Internet Telephony Protocols 217
12.5 How Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Works 224
12.6 Open Issues in Internet Telephony 228
12.7 IN/IP Integration 229
12.8 SS7/IP Integration 234
12.9 Concluding Remarks 236
12.10 Glossary 236
12.11 Definitions of Key Terms 237
12.12 Acknowledgments 238
12.13 Bibliography 238
Chapter 13. Wideband Wireless Packet Data Access 240
13.1 Introduction 240
13.2 Packet Data Access Using WCDMA 244
13.3 Packet Data Access Using EDGE 247
13.4 Packet Data Access Using Wideband OFDM 251
13.5 Conclusions 263
13.6 References 263
Chapter 14. Internet Protocols Over Wireless Networks 266
14.1 Introduction 266
14.2 Internet Protocols and Wireless Links 267
14.3 Performance Enhancements for Internet Protocols 272
14.4 The Future: Challenges and Opportunities 275
14.5 Summary 277
14.6 References 277
Chapter 15. Transcoding of the Internet's Multimedia Content for Universal Access 280
15.1 Introduction 280
15.2 End-to-End vs. Proxy-Based Transcoding Designs 285
15.3 Architecture of a Transcoding Proxy 290
15.4 To Transcode or Not to Transcode 293
15.5 Transcoding Policies for Selecting Content 299
15.6 A Sample Set of Transcoding Policies 308
15.7 Related Issues 310
15.8 Acknowledgments 312
15.9 References 312
Chapter 16. Multicasting: Issues and Networking Support 316
16.1 Introduction 316
16.2 Multicasting Support 317
16.3 Multicasting in IP-Based Networks 318
16.4 Multicasting in ATM Networks 321
16.5 IP Multicasting Over ATM 324
16.6 Reliable Multicast Transport Protocols 325
16.7 Multicasting in Wireless Networks 326
16.8 Summary and the Future of Multicasting 327
16.9 Definitions of Key Terms 328
16.10 References 328
16.11 For Further Reading 329
Index 330