Newnes Guide to Digital TV (eBook)

Cover 1
Newnes Guide to Digital TV 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Preface to the second edition 14
Preface to the first edition 16
Chapter 1. Introduction 18
Digital television 18
Why digital? 18
More channels 20
Wide-screen pictures 20
'Cinema' sound 21
Associated services 21
Conditional access 23
Transmission techniques 23
Receiver technology 23
The future... 24
Chapter 2. Foundations of television 25
A brief history of television 25
The physics of light 26
Physiology of the eye 27
Psychology of vision - colour perception 29
The physics of sound 31
Physiology of the ear 34
Psychology of hearing 35
Film and television 38
Television signals 41
Colour television 43
Vestigial sideband modulation 50
Audio for television 51
Recording television signals 52
Timecode 55
Teletext TM 57
Analogue high definition television 58
1125/60 and 1250/50 HDTV systems 61
625-1ine television wide screen signalling 61
Telecine and 'pulldown' 63
Chapter 3. Digital video and audio coding 67
Digital fundamentals 67
Digital video interfaces 74
Digital audio interfaces 83
Serial multi-channel audio digital interface (MADI) 89
Embedded audio in video interface 94
Error detection and handling (EDH) 97
Chapter 4. Digital signal processing 102
Introduction 102
Digital manipulation 103
Digital filtering 105
Digital image processing 110
Fourier transform 110
2-D Fourier transforms 115
More about digital filtering and signal processing 116
Digital frequency domain analysis - the z-transform 126
Problems with digital signal processing 126
Chapter 5. Video data compression 129
Basic concepts 129
Entropy, redundancy and artefacts 129
Lossless compression 130
De-correlation 131
Lossless DPCM and lossy DPCM 133
Frame differences and motion compensation 134
Fourier transform-based methods of compression 136
Transform coding 136
A practical mix 140
JPEG 142
Motion JPEG (MJPEG) 144
MPEG 144
DV, DVCAM and DVCPRO 154
Chapter 6. Audio data compression 156
Compression based on logarithmic representation 156
NICAM 157
Psychoacoustic masking systems 157
Dolby AC-3 160
Chapter 7. Digital audio production 162
Digital line-up levels and metering 162
Standard operating levels and line-up tones 166
Switching and combining audio signals 167
Digital audio consoles 168
Digital tape machines 170
Digital audio workstations 172
Audio file formats 173
Surround-sound formats 175
Chapter 8. Digital video production 181
Switching and combining video signals 181
Digital video effects 183
Off-line editing 191
Computer video standards 192
Vector and bitmap graphics - what's the difference? 194
Graphic file formats 195
Computer generated images (CGI) and animation 197
2D systems 199
3D graphics and animation 208
Hard disk technology 215
Hard drive interface standards 217
RAID 219
Media server 221
Open media framework 222
Virtual sets 222
The master control room 222
Automation 223
Editing and switching of MPEG-II bitstreams 225
Chapter 9. The MPEG multiplex 227
A 'packetized' interface 227
Deriving the MPEG-II multiplex 228
Conditional access 234
Channel coding 235
Standard electrical interfaces for the MPEG-II transport stream 238
Chapter 10. Broadcasting digital video 242
Digital modulation 242
Quadrature amplitude modulation 242
Modulation for satellite and cable systems 246
Convolutional or Viterbi coding 247
Terrestrial transmission 248
Hierarchical modulation 254
Interoperability 255
Chapter 11. Consumer digital technology 257
Receiver technology 257
Set-top b o x - modern trends 270
COFDM front-end for DTV-T 274
D-VHS 275
DVD 276
DVD Recordable (DVD-R) 283
General servicing issues 284
DVD faults 285
PSU faults 286
Chapter 12. The future 287
Leaning forward and leaning back 287
Hypertext and hypermedia 288
MPEG-IV – object oriented television coding 290
MPEG-IV audio 301
Structured audio 302
Structured audio orchestra language 302
MPEG-VII and metadata 306
Index 308